Image Coding
II. Predictive and Interpolative Coding
Since pixels in a local region in an image are highly correlated, one might expect that a currently considered pixel might be predicted from a knowledge of the previous pixels, or that it might be interpolated from a knowledge of a few surrounding pixels.
Then, it should not be necessary to transmit all pixel values: a few initial pixel values and the prediction or interpolation coefficients should be adequate to facilitate reconstruction of the image.
A simple linear predictor would produce large errors if only the starting values were available for reconstruction.
Better results are achieved if the prediction error is also transmitted.
The error image would require far fewer bits than the original image due to its smaller dynamic range